The scheme was launched in FY 2016-17 by restructuring the Indira Awaas Yojana. Under the PMAY-G, states determine targets and the number of beneficiaries for districts. Eligible beneficiaries can register themselves with implementing agencies. A house is sanctioned for them once their eligibility has been verified. After bank accounts have been verified, the entire amount is deposited in instalments in the bank accounts of beneficiaries.
Figure 1 shows aggregate level indicators for Latehar district from the beginning of the scheme till the end of FY 2021-22.

Figure 1: Overview of Beneficiaries from FY 2016-17 Till End of FY 2021-22

• Registrations have exceeded targets, likely indicating that people outside the list of eligible beneficiaries have also registered or the possibility of duplication.
• The gap between the number of targets and sanctioned houses is 1186.
• Out of the total number of sanctioned houses, bank accounts for 69 beneficiaries were not verified. 
• The number of people who have received first instalments exceeds the number of verified accounts verified by 25. More research is required to understand the causes. Though, there is a possibility of data error, as the likelihood of payment without account verification is low. 
• Out of 57061 houses for which first instalments were provided, more than 46,000 or 80% of houses have been completed.
• More than 1900 houses were completed without third instalments, while more than 33,000 houses were completed without four instalments, which is an addon for toilet building under Swachha Bharat Mission – Gramin.

Targets are set each year by the Centre for the central and state levels. States determine targets based on the house deprivation list and priority list. Once selected, beneficiaries can register themselves. After eligibility has been verified, scheme benefits are sanctioned and beneficiaries start receiving benefits.
Figure 2 shows the number of targets, registrations and sanctioned beneficiaries during the last five years. 

Figure 2: Number of Targets, Registrations and Sanctioned Houses

• In the period of 2017-2022, registrations were lesser than targets in all five years, but the gap was 1% or lesser in all years. This indicates a registration rate of 98-99%. 
• Sanctioned Houses were more than registrations during the first four years but almost equal to the number of targets. A possible explanation is that some of the registrations done before 2017-18 were sanctioned in these years.
• In 2021-22, the number of sanctions was less than 90% of registrations which is lesser compared to the previous four years when it has been close to 100% or more.

Of the total number of houses sanctioned and for which instalments have been initiated, not all houses were completed for various reasons. Figure 3 shows the number of completed houses of the total number of houses sanctioned in a particular year.

Figure 3: Completed and Incomplete Houses

The rate of completion is steadily declining.

• Lower completion rates during later years are somewhat expected since completing a house can take more than a year. Nonetheless, official guidelines mention the duration of completion as 12 months. But it is evident that 7% and 17% of houses sanctioned in 2019-20 and 2020-21 respectively are yet to be complete.
• It is likely that many of these houses will be completed in subsequent years – however, reasons for delayed house building need to be studied. 

Districts receive funds based on targets, unit assistance and utilisation. Given the nature of expenditure, one house can be built over more than one financial year. Figure 4 shows the yearly as well as cumulative availability and expenditure of funds under the scheme between 2017-2022. 

Figure 4: Available funds and Expenditure Incurred (Rs Crore)  

• In the last five years, annual allocation witnessed a continuous rise, from Rs 52 crore in 2017-18 to Rs 204 crore in 2021-22.
• Funds are disbursed in three instalments depending on the stage of house being built. While scheme guidelines require a house to be built in 12 months, there could be delays. Also, the construction period as well disbursement of instalments can be spread over more than one financial year. As a result, funds allocated and utilised in a single year are not strictly comparable which is generally the case with other schemes.  
• During the first two years, utilisations exceeded allocation, likely indicating that funds allocated from earlier year were used in these years.  
• Similarly, a part of funds allocated during the last two years are likely to be used in coming years.

In Latehar, the entire amount is paid in four instalments. The first three instalments (Rs. 40000, Rs 85000, and Rs 5000) are part of housing unit assistance of Rs 1.3 lakh. The 4th instalment is Rs 12,000 for toilet building under SBM-G.
Scheme guidelines require the first instalment to be paid with 15 days of being sanctioned.

Figure 5: Number of Sanctions vs First Instalments 

• Except 2019-20, the number of first instalments paid was higher than the number of sanctions in all years likely indicating that these payments were delayed from earlier years. 
• In 2019-20, the number of first instalments paid was lesser than the number of registrations. Some of these beneficiaries were likely paid in the subsequent financial year.
• The data indicates delay in disbursements of the first instalment beyond the stipulated 15 days.

House ownership is reported under three categories – men, women and joint. Figure 6 shows the distribution of houses under these categories.

Figure 6: Gender-wise distribution of sanctioned vs completed houses

• In these five years, 48% of sanctioned houses were owned by men, 15% were owned by women and the remaining 37% were jointly owned. 

Figure 7 shows different rates of house completion. 

Figure 7: Rate of House Completion for Different Categories of House Owners (Percent)

• The completion rates for all three categories during the five-year period under study are roughly similar.
• The lower level of completion in the last two years indicates that many houses are still in the process of being constructed.

Given the importance of the scheme in providing safe and liveable houses for large numbers of people, information about the scheme should be available and easily accessible. 
Figure 8 lists various aspects of required data and whether such data is publicly available. Information regarding PMAY-G is available on the scheme MIS which can be accessed at: https://rhreporting.nic.in/netiay/newreport.aspx (Data accessed on 30h August, 2022).

Availability of Information and Comprehensiveness

• Information on allocated funds
  • Yes
• Information on received funds
  • Yes
• Information on funds available
  • Yes
• Information on funds utilized
  • Yes
• Information on funds for different components
  • Yes

Accessibility

• Language of availability of information
  • English
• Compatibility on devices
  • Phone, tablet, laptop

Timeliness

• How frequently are data updated
  • Real-Time

Relevance

• Relevance of data
  • Relevant for monitoring purposes.

Reliability

• Reliability of data
  • Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India audit reports are not available on the PMAY-G website. Therefore, authenticating the data with the MIS and matching evidence on the ground is essential. 

Accountability and Citizen’s Participation

• Social Audit schedules
  • No
• Availability of social audit reports
  • No
• Participation of beneficiaries in Gram Sabhas
  • No
• Availability of information on Grievance Redressal Mechanism for beneficiaries
  • Contact details for lodging complaints are listed on the website for every state. Details about the number of complaints, status and action taken are available.